HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, which is the most widely used language on Web to develop web pages. HTML was created by Berners-Lee in late 1991. HTML 4.01 was a major version of HTML and it was published in late 1999. Though HTML
4.01 version is widely used but currently we are having HTML-5 version which is an extension to HTML 4.01, and this version was published in 2012.
1. Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked together. Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.
2. As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means we use HTML to simply "mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it to display.
A Simple HTML Document Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
This is my first program in HTML
</body>
</html>
Example Explained
1. The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and helps browsers to display web pages correctly. It must only appear once, at the top of the page. The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not case sensitive.
2. The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
3. The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
4. The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
5. The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
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